Spanish (español/castellano)
Spanish is a Romance linguistic communication amongst around 417 1000000 speakers, 322 to 358 of whom verbalize it every bit a foremost linguistic communication spell the residual verbalize it every bit a mo language. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 pregnant issue of people likewise verbalize Spanish every bit a unusual language. Spanish is spoken inwards Espana together with 22 other countries including: Andorra, Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, the USA together with Venezuela
Spanish foremost started to seem inwards writing inwards the shape of notes together with glosses inwards Latin religious texts, theGlosas Emilianenses, dating from the 11th century. During the twelfth century, constabulary codes (Fueros) were beingness translated into Spanish. Spanish prose flowered during the reign of King Alfonso X the Wise of Castile (1252-84), who inwards add-on to beingness the virile someone monarch together with a poet, likewise works life fourth dimension to write an encyclopaedia inwards Spanish called Las Partidas, which contains laws, chronicles, recipes, together with rules for hunting, chess together with carte games. The foremost Spanish grammar, past times Antonio de Nebrija, together with the foremost dictionaries were published during the 15th together with 16th centuries.
In Espana this linguistic communication is mostly called español (Spanish) when contrasting it amongst languages of other countries, such every bit French together with English, only it is called castellano (Castilian, the linguistic communication of the Castile region) when contrasting it amongst other languages spoken inwards Spain, such every bit Galician, Basque, together with Catalan.
Some philologists purpose Spanish alone when speaking of the linguistic communication spoken inwards Castile during the Middle Ages, stating that it is preferable to purpose Spanish for its modern form. The subdialect of Spanish spoken inwards northern parts of modern twenty-four hr catamenia Castile is likewise called Spanish sometimes, together with differs from those of other regions of Spain, nonetheless the Spanish dialect is conventionally considered inwards Espana to hold out the same every bit criterion Spanish.
The name castellano is widely used for the linguistic communication inwards Latin America. Some Spanish speakers consider castellano a generic term amongst no political or ideological links, much every bit "Spanish" inwards English.
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| A a | B b | C c | Ch ch | D d | E e | F f | G g | H h | I i |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | be | ce | che | de | e | efe | ge | hache | i |
| J j | K k | L l | Ll ll | M m | N n | Ñ ñ | O o | P p | Q q |
| jota | ka | ele | elle | eme | ene | eñe | o | pe | cu |
| R r | S s | T t | U u | V v | W w | X x | Y y | Z z | |
| erre | ese | te | u | uve | uve doble doble u doble ve | equis | i griega ye | zeta |
Ch (che) together with Ll (elle) are likewise considered letters of the Spanish alphabet, nonetheless inwards 1994 the Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) decreed that these letters would no longer hold out treated every bit split upward letters inwards dictionaries.
Pronunciation of European Spanish
Pronunciation of Spanish inwards Latin America
Notes
- Vowels are the same every bit European Spanish.
- c = [s] earlier i or e, only [k] elsewhere
- g = [x] (or [h] inwards some countries) earlier i or e, [g] or [ɣ] elsewhere
- gu = [g] earlier i or e, only [gw] elsewhere
- ll = [j] or [dʐ] inwards close places, though the master pronunciation of [ʎ] is silent used inwards some areas. ll = [ʃ] or [ʒ] inwards Argentina
- n = [ŋ] earlier g, e.g. tengo (I have), [n] elsewhere
- r = [ɾ] betwixt vowels, [r] elsewhere
- rr = [ɽ] or [l] inwards Puerto Rico.
- s = [h] at the ends of words together with syllables inwards Argentine Republic together with Chile, e.g. peces = /'peseh/. In the Caribbean Area it is non pronounced inwards that position, e.g. peces = /'pesε/
- x = [s] at the commencement of words, [ks] elsewhere. In words borrowed from Nahuatl, Mayan or other indigenous languages of Mexico, x = [ʃ] or [s].
- y = [i] at the destination of syllables, such as hay, buey and muy, [j] every bit a consonant or semiconsonant. In emphatic speech communication inwards Argentine Republic = [ʒ].
- k together with w seem mainly inwards loan words
